Year : 2022

Volume : Volume 13

Issue : Issue 4

Address for correspondence :
Rachna Kulshreshtha
rachnakul9@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: Gingival biotype is broadly categorized into two main types, namely, scalloped and thin or flat and thick gingival. The term periodontal biotype was introduced later to categorized the gingiva into thick flat and thin scalloped biotypes. Tissue biotype is one of the critical factors influencing the esthetic treatment outcomes. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the association between gingival biotype and type of malocclusion, gender, and smoking status of patient. Materials and Method: Two hundred participants (100 males and 100 females) in the age range of 18–60 years were included in the study. Four maxillary incisors were examined in each participant for the gingival biotype. They were divided into group based on various factors such as malocclusion, age, gender, and smoking status. The gingival biotype was then assessed using probe transparency (TRAN) method. Results: The mean age was 29.42 years. Thin gingival biotype was observed in 44.5% of the sample, of which 54.5% were female and 34.5% were male (P = 0.00001). Only 35.2% of current smokers had thin gingival biotype compared to 41.9% former and 48.4% of subjects who never smoked (P = 0.008). On the basis of age, it was observed that the subjects under 18–30 years of age had thinner biotype compared to their age groups. No significant association between dental malocclusion and the gingival biotype was found. Conclusion: A high prevalence of thin gingival biotype was observed in females and young age group. Smokers had thicker gingival biotype. No relationship was found between gingival biotype and angle’s classification of malocclusion.

Keywords: Malocclusion, Prevalance, Gingival biotype.