Year : 2016

Volume : Volume 6

Issue : Issue 3

Address for correspondence :
Dr. Jayanthi D
jayanthi.d24@gmail.com

Abstract

Background:  Obesity is one of the most common, yet among the most neglected, public health problems in both developed and developing countries. It remains a leading public health problem because of its complications and resistance to change, despite record rates of dieting. There are various factors responsible for obesity such as genetics, behavioral, social and cultural factors. Obesity is associated with risk factors such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease.  Obesity is characterized by a chronic inflammatory state, cytokines such as TNF-a which is produced by adipose tissue which is responsible for these alterations. Studies have shown alveolar bone loss in ligature induced periodontal disease in obese animals depicting relationship between obesity and periodontal disease. Also BMI was positively correlated with the severity of periodontal attachment loss. Adipose tissue secretes pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-a) and interleukin-6(IL-6) which also induces release of acute-phase protein production such as C-reactive protein(CRP). Periodontitis is also related with release of these pro-inflammatory cytokines which is triggered by LPS of gram negative periodontal pathogenic bacteria promoting dyslipidemia and decrease insulin. Type 2 diabetes and decrease insulin are associated with the production of glycated end products (AGE), which in turn trigger the inflammatory cytokine production, thus predisposing to inflammatory condition such as periodontitis. Thus these observations suggest a potential association of obesity with periodontitis.

Keywords: Obesity, Periodontitis, Adipokines, Pro-inflammatory cytokines, Inflammatory disorders.