Journal of Research and Advancement in Dentistry
Official publication of Magadh University and Kolhan University, Government of Bihar and Jharkhand, India
Official publication of Magadh University and Kolhan University, Government of Bihar and Jharkhand, India
Year : 2024
Volume : Volume 15
Issue : Issue 5
Address for correspondence :
Dr. Amit Thahriani
amit.thahriani@gmail.com
Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are significant health concerns due to their high morbidity and mortality rates. Dyslipidemia has been associated with various cancers, including OSCC. This study aims to evaluate the lipid profile in patients with OPMDs and OSCC compared to healthy controls and to understand its potential role as a biomarker for early detection and progression. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 subjects were enrolled in the study, divided into three groups: 40 patients with OPMDs, 40 patients with OSCC, and 40 healthy controls. Fasting blood samples were collected and serum lipid profiles were measured, including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey’s test to compare the lipid profiles among the groups. Results: The mean TC levels were significantly higher in the OSCC group (230 ± 15 mg/dL) compared to the OPMD group (210 ± 12 mg/dL) and controls (180 ± 10 mg/dL) (P < 0.001). Similarly, LDL levels were elevated in OSCC patients (150 ± 10 mg/dL) compared to OPMD patients (130 ± 8 mg/dL) and controls (110 ± 7 mg/dL) (P < 0.001). TG levels were also higher in OSCC (180 ± 14 mg/dL) compared to OPMD (160 ± 12 mg/dL) and controls (140 ± 10 mg/dL) (P < 0.001). Conversely, HDL levels were significantly lower in the OSCC group (35 ± 5 mg/dL) compared to the OPMD group (40 ± 6 mg/dL) and controls (50 ± 7 mg/dL) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The study demonstrates a distinct dyslipidemic pattern in patients with OPMDs and OSCC, suggesting that alterations in lipid profiles could serve as potential biomarkers for early detection and progression of oral malignancies. Monitoring lipid levels in patients with OPMDs may help in identifying those at higher risk of developing OSCC.
