Year : 2024

Volume : Volume 15

Issue : Issue 5

Address for correspondence :
Dr. Md. Imran
drimran100009@gmail.com

Abstract

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with a strong association to tobacco chewing. Genetic polymorphisms, such as those in the Xeroderma pigmentosum Group D (XPD) and Group G (XPG) genes, have been implicated in susceptibility to OSCC. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and impact of XPD and XPG gene polymorphisms in OSCC patients and tobacco chewers. Materials and Methods: An observational study was conducted involving 200 participants divided into three groups: 100 OSCC patients, 50 tobacco chewers without OSCC, and 50 healthy controls. DNA samples were collected from buccal swabs and analyzed for XPD (Lys751Gln) and XPG (Asp1104His) polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the frequency of polymorphisms among the groups and to assess the association with OSCC risk. Results: The XPD Lys751Gln polymorphism was found in 60% of OSCC patients, 40% of tobacco chewers, and 20% of healthy controls. The XPG Asp1104His polymorphism was observed in 50% of OSCC patients, 30% of tobacco chewers, and 10% of healthy controls. A significant association was found between the presence of XPD and XPG polymorphisms and increased risk of OSCC (P < 0.05). Tobacco chewers with these polymorphisms showed a higher predisposition to developing OSCC compared to those without. Conclusion: The study indicates a significant correlation between XPD and XPG gene polymorphisms and the risk of developing OSCC, particularly among tobacco chewers. These genetic markers could serve as potential predictive tools for early detection and prevention strategies in high-risk populations.